Adjacent to the museum of Bulgarian Revival and constituent Assembly, the Archeological Museum traces the development of the region from prehistoric times via Antiquity to the Middle Ages. The undoubted highlight is one of the oldest gold treasures in the world - from Hotnitsa in the vicinity of Veliko Turnovo - dating from 4100 B.C. The treasure comprises a necklace made up of gold rings, a bracelet and 4 anthropomorphic amulets. The Bulgarian civilisation from the 5th millenium B.C., from which gold treasures have also been found in Varna, is considered by scholars to predate even the Egyptian and Sumerian civilisations.

There is also an interesting collection of Roman clay objects from archeological digs at nearby Nicopolis ad Istrum and the Roman fort Novae on the Danube.