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The Twelfth and the Orange Order

The Orange Order is Northern Ireland's largest Protestant organisation, and has around 40,000 members locally. Its origins lie in the 1690 Battle of the Boyne when the Dutch Protestant King William of Orange defeated his father-in-law, Catholic King James ll of England and Vll of Scotland.

The site of the Battle of the Boyne, just outside Drogheda, Co. Meath, has become a major tourist attraction, and also features in a Williamite Trail - an all-Ireland map detailing locations associated with the Williamite and Jacobite armies, from Carrickfergus in the north to Kinsale in the south. 

In 1795 Protestants and Catholics clashed again at the Battle of the Diamond near Portadown, Co. Armagh. Following their victory, Protestants met at Dan Winter's House and, soon after, pledged a new oath to 'Crown and country and the Reformed religion'. The Orange Order was born. The Order sees itself as a champion of Protestantism and defender of a British Protestant monarch. It is organised into 'lodges', some of which are in former British colonies as far afield as Canada, New Zealand and Ghana.

July 12th is the most important date in the Orange calendar and marks the anniversary of King William's Battle of the Boyne victory. Orangemen and women commemorate 'The Twelfth' with 18 colourful band and lodge parades - or demonstrations - across NI. A further one takes place in Rossnowlagh, Co. Donegal on the Sat nearest the Twelfth (this year, Sat 9 July). 
 
The NI demonstrations on Tue 12 July will be in: Belfast, Killylea, Lisnaskea, Stewartstown, Sixmilecross, Clogher, Limavady, Ballyronan, Cullybackey, Ballycastle, Broughshane, Randalstown, Ballymena, Aghalee, Holywood, Comber, Rathfriland and Ballymartin.
 
Each year certain locations are designated Flagship Twelfths with trained Welcome Hosts on hand to explain the event for tourists, and events happening in the run up to the day. The 2011 Flagship demonstrations will be in Comber, Co. Down and Randalstown, Co. Antrim. Randalstown holds particular poignancy as the demonstration culminates in the Field at Dunmore Park - once the training camp for soldiers heading to the Battle of the Somme which this year marks its 95th anniversary.
 
On July 11'Eleventh Night' bonfires are lit at midnight in staunchly Protestant areas. Many are massive constructions of wooden pallettes, old sofas and rubber tyres topped with Irish flags or effigies of pro-Nationalist figures. Bonfire architects battle it out to see who can build the biggest, and shifts of young guardians ensure rival builders don't steal their burnable booty. At midnight the bonfires are set alight, and these raging infernos can be seen blazing across the city. The Shankill Road and Milltown Road (South Belfast) bonfires are two of Belfast's biggest.
 
If you want to watch the Belfast parades, head to the city centre or Lisburn Road to see small boys in Orange sashes march proudly in front of huge banners, marchers hurl batons as high as lampposts and bandsmen beat the living daylights out of gargantuan Lambeg drums.
 
The main Belfast demonstration leaves Carlisle Circus, North Belfast, at 10:00 and wends its way through the city centre and along the Lisburn Road, with a wreath laying ceremony at the City Hall at 10:30. The parade takes about two hours to pass and culminates at the 'Field' at Barnett's Demesne, South Belfast where crowds, bands and marchers gather to eat, drink and listen to speeches. 
 
In recent years some parades have made world headlines as Orangemen assert their right to march along 'traditional routes' through Catholic Nationalist areas, most notably Drumcree in Portadown and Belfast's Lower Ormeau Road. Many Catholics vehemently oppose these parades which they regard as sectarian and intimidatory.

Orangeism and Unionism have long been bedfellows in NI's political history. Former Ulster Unionist Party leaders David Trimble and Sir Reg Empey are both in the Orange Order. However, in March 2005, the Order decided to cut its links with the UUP, ending 100 years of historical links. Former First Minister and Democratic Unionist Party leader Ian Paisley left the Orange Order in protest in 1962 but addresses the Independent Orange Order (established in 1903 to segregate Orangeism from politics) every July 12.

As a more secular society grows throughout NI, recent years have seen the Orange Order experience a decline in numbers. However, no matter your affiliations, if you're in Belfast on July 12 you cannot fail to witness a spectacle like no other on this island. 
 
July 12 is a NI public holiday. Many locals of all backgrounds take the 'Twelfth Fortnight' as their annual summer holiday, and banks and offices close on the day. In recent years, however, the Twelfth has passed off with little trouble and, as a result, many city centre retailers will remain open on the day to benefit from increased visitor numbers. However, if you're visiting NI on or around any July 12, always check opening times of shops, restaurants, entertainment venues etc before making big plans.

To find out more about the Grand Orange Lodge of Ireland, click here.

The Twelfth and the Orange Order comments Add Yours

  • mark - lisburn 05 June 2010
    no timetables or route to twelfth day for hillsborough
  • Editor 19 March 2010
    If you want to trace your family tree, the best place to start is PRONI - the Public Record Office of Northern Ireland. Find its listing by searching for 'PRONI' on our website.
  • Patricia Larsen - Hayesville 18 March 2010
    In working on my family geneology, I have acquired a biblr dated July 1928 to Bro Geo H. Dobson. Any help would be appreciated in finding any geneology on this family member.Please send to lovethatfiddle@yahoo.com.....USA
  • Editor 13 July 2009
    We have added links giving you info on parades, including starting times. Ed.
  • b shaw - newtownards 12 July 2009
    why is it i cant find timetables for twelfth day processions

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